Influența culturii asupra managementului

Abstract

The important representatives of theory and practice of management among F.W Taylor, H.Fayol,

P.Drucker, T.Peters, consider that there is a "the best" modality to manage.This has constituted one of the main

premises from which development of management like scince starts,throught which searched to find the most

suitable method that permit efficiency of management process.But the reality shows that the same method which

gave good results in a firm led to bad results in another.In reality "the best solution" that mean the best

modality to manage represents a cultural preference, because the way of action for individuals and

organizations depends of meaning which they give to the environment.

In literatura de specialitate exista numeroase incercari de a defini cultura. Astfel E.

Schein defineste cultura ca fiind ,,modalitatea prin care un grup de oameni rezolvi

problemele" (1).

O alta definitie este data de G. Hofstede, care considera ca aceasta reprezinta ,,c

programare mentala colectiva care ne face sa acceptam ceva impreuna cu membrii natiuni

sau grupului din care facem parte, dar nu cu componentii altor grupuri sau natiuni"{2).

in opinia autorului, cultura unei tari determina implicit un model specific d( management,

deoarece gandirea noastra este in parte conditionata de experienta dobandita ii copilarie in

sanul familiei, apoi prin educatie la scoala si in organisme specializate, care ni sunt aceleasi

in fiecare tara.

La baza programarii mentale a oamenilor este nivelul universal, care influenteaza

intreaga umanitate si care tine de functionarea biologica a corpului uman, care cuprinde

diverse atitudini expresive ca rasul, plansul, comportamentul agresiv etc.

Nivelul colectiv de programare mentala vizeaza un numar mai redus de persoane, care

apartin unui grup si care se disting de alte persoane. intreaga cultura umana se situeaza la

acest nivel, unde se disting limba, respectul stramosilor, distanta pe care o mentinem fata de

33

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