In Spanish, all nouns, including those denoting non-living things and abstract concepts, are either masculine or feminine and singular or plural.
Therefore, the articles and adjectives change according to the grammatical gender and agree in number with the nouns they modify.
GENDER
The following are some rules to determine the gender; however, the gender of some nouns must be learned by memorization.
The gender of living beings, such as people or animals, determines their grammatical gender. A noun that refers to a male is masculine; a noun that refers to a female is feminine.
FEMININE NOUNS
1. Most nouns that end in -a are feminine.
la cara/ the face
la cabeza/ the head
EXCEPTIONS: The following words end in a; however, they are masculine:
el dia/ the day
el sofa/ the sofa
el manana/ the tomorrow, the future (Note that la manana means morning.)
2. Many female nouns that end in -a have a corresponding male form that end in -o.
Gender gato/ cat perro/ dog
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